arnaud



(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. A. M. ARNAUD.

CBNTRIFUGAL RUNNER MILL.

No. 499,083. Patented Jue ,1893.

K /NVENTOH E.. M ,711

A TTOHNEYJ mi Ncmms Urns co. Havo-umu.. wAsmNcroN, D. c.

(No Model.) 2 Sheets- Sheet 2.

G. A. M. ARNAUD.

GBNTRIFUGAL RUNNER' MILL.

No. 499,983. PatentedJune'e, 1893.

' UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE..

GEORGES ANTOINE MARIE ARNAUD, OF PARIS, FRANCE.

CENTRIFUGAL RUNNER-MILL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 499,083, dated J une 6, 1893.

Application filed December 3, 1892. Serial No. 454,006. (No model.) Patented in France May 11J 1892. No. 221.548.

To @ZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGES ANTOINE MARIE ARNAUD, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing in Paris, France, have invented a new and useful Centrifugal Runner- Mill, (for which I have obtained a French patent, No. 221,548, dated May 11,1892,) of which the following is a specification.

The improvements forming the object of the present invention enable the weight of the crushing devices to be utilized, and at the same time the power communicated by centrifugal force to all machines partaking of rotary motion and which is usually wasted, is by these improvements caused to add to the useful eect of the machine. With this object I employ an arrangement intermediate between that of a mill with vertical runners Working on a horizontal axis (Chilian mill) and that of the horizontal mills with horizontal runners working on a vertical axis (Huntingdon mill).

An exampleof a mill constructed according to my invention is represented in the accompanying drawings in which:-

Figure 1 represents a vertical section taken through the axis of the mill the section through the runner on the left hand being taken on the line-1. 2. 3 Fig. 3. the right hand runner being removed and one of the rakes or shovels brought forward into the plane of the section. Fig. 2 represents the mill in plan. Fig. 3 represents one of the runners in front elevation. Fig. 4 is a detail illustrating the arrangement of the shaft and bearings of one of the runners being curved at right angles to the section in Fig. l the caps of the bearings being removed. Fig. 5 represents a detail in vertical section taken along the line 6-7 Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating the principle of the action.

As represented in Figs. l and 2 of the drawings a gang or series of four crushing cylinders or runners B is arranged around a vertical shaft Adriven by bevel gear placed underneath the mill and transmitting motion to the said runners by means of a driver or frame C provided with eight arms as represented in the illustration. I do not limit myself to the number of runners any number of which may be employed.

The axle or shaft b of each runner is inclined preferably at an angle of thirty degrees at first when the steel ring or bed is not yet covered with ore and the steel tires or wearing surfaces of the runners are new. After a certain amount of wear this angle is reduced by about two or three degrees. The shafts b of the runners are supported in long bearings b of cast steel lined with white metal. The bearings are pivoted upon two journals b3 so as to enable the angle or inclination of the shaft to change during the working of the runners and enable the latter to rise and ride over any obstacles that may be met with at the same time propelling them in their movement over the annular steel bed or die D. The said journals b3 work in cast iron boxes guided in each of the four pairs of arms of the driver C. The bearings as Well as the shafts of the runners are provided with a suitable number of annular ribs and grooves b5 for the purpose of resisting the tendency of the centrifugal force to displace the runners and move them away radially from the central shaft or axis of the mill. The thrust bearings diminish the friction and the risk of heating which the great pressure would be liable to produce if sustained by a single shoulder or washer, the pressure being distributed over a large area of surface and the lubricant being retained in the grooves so that it cannot be completely driven out by the centrifugal force. The combination of the four runners constituting an equivalent to the pendnlums of a centrifugal governor a certain amount of force is applied in a vertical direction to the vertical shaft A tending to tear it out of its bearings and draw it upward until the shafts t) of the runners assume a horizontalposition. In order to resist this tendency without augmenting the passive resistance the lower extremity of the said shaft works in a footstep or thrust bearing a. of white metal and is provided With a certain number of annular grooves c engaging with corresponding ribs and grooves in the foot-step bearing for the purpose of distributing the axial pressure over a large area of surface as hereinbefore explained with reference to the shafts of the runners. The runners B may be made hollow and be iilled with melted lead introduced IOO through orifices bprovideol for thispurpose and capable of being closed by tight fitting plugs or covers. Under these conditions and on considering what takes place in the working of a mill constructed as represented in the accompanying drawings the following conclusions will be arrived at vas will 'be easily understood by referring to the diagram Fig. 6.

Assuming that the shaft A rotates at the rate of fifty revolutions that the weight P of the runner B is tive hundred kilos and that the mean radius of rotation of -the stones about the shaft A is eighty-two centimeters it will be readily ascertained A`by calculation that the value of the centrifugal' force F is equal to eleven hundred and twenty kilos.

The parallelograrn vrof forces resulting lfromcentrifugal force (F) vand gravity .'(P) applied: at thefcenterof the runner can then'be'drawn. g

Upon thediagonalO R-of thisparallelogram it iseasyto construct-the parallelogram .of the forces applied Iin ythe two directions in quesl tionfnamely :-'(iirst,) Vthe directionof fthe line O N 'perpendicular'to the acting-surfaceof the irunner or 'in otherwords .the force availablefor rcrushing and(second,`) the-direction of the line O 10 kor vairis of the runner being in va direction iin which fa 'part of vthe centrifugal force -is lost. the force lost in the direction of the aX-is amounts to seven .hundred and twenty kilos this being the effort resisted yby theth'rust be'aringswhile 'the force vrN with which the vrunner is pressed against the'bed amounts v,to about one thousand kilos. .In other words the useful effect of fordinary'weighted runners fis doubled bymeans of :this arrangement `without :increasing the Vmotive :p'ower required.

'-llhecrushin g cylinders or runnersaremad'e with a cast iron hub yB and steelftiresorwearingrings 57 rfixed'by pine blocks :hs tightened by means of steel wedges b9 driven :into the wood. The `wearing rings are provided with a projection '1910 formed 5in casting and which prevents'them from being thrown off by centrifugal force. II=do1not limit Ymyselt` to :this particular 4form-of ztherunners'as they fmayfbe constructed in any-other ordinaryorrsuitable man-ner. The steel ring-die or bed D made in zonefpiece is of rectangular shape'intranfsversesection-and its form iis `that :generated by 4this rectangle the'long sideof whichisiinclined at 1an angle -of thirty degrees with 'a horizontal line :the said rectangle `being revolved in a circle about a vertical aXis. The ring Zbed ADis'maintained by Wooden blocks d.

In order to compensate vfor rwear and rem llt then appears thatl ed'y the disadvantage which 4would result when thesurfaces lof the runners :and ofthe bed become j-wor-n :away and cease lto cornettogether properly the following koperation 'is-performed 'which may :bedivided :into :two parts, namely: rst, vlowering 'the driver or `,propelling frame yC in a vertical -direction `upon the central shaft of the mill; secondly, displacing the pivots or journals b3 of the bearposition ofthe driver to be accurately adjusted. vThe nut c2 placed 'underneath supports the Weight of the driver and forms a stop, and the nut-c3 resiststhetendency ofthe Idriver .to rise duerto'centrifugal force in work- ?ing. vThese nuts jare secured fby :nut flocks-'c4 for in vany othersuitable manner.

Second. The displacement of the journals -bsiin a'horizontal Afplaneinorderlto.movethem away 1from the faxis =of the mill .iin proportion to the wear is producedas follows: The said journals hlwork -in l'cast 'iron boxes 294-01? rectangularfform capable'of slidinginthe forked armsc5 of thedri-ver C as representedon the right hand in Figpl of theannexed drawings.

'The hole 4for'the reception of 4the journalssb3 is eccentric -or 'placed near -one vend of the rectangular 4.block lbi1.

t0n "commencing to work the 1lnill with 'new Wearing rings t7 andfanew steel 'bed -D the part a: lbeing Athe narrowest is placed nearest to the Vaxis `of 4the :mill Vand Ybears directly againstthe'central'partofthedriverC. When the y'wearing ring 137 'and the bed D .become Worn away after working for a certain time a number of :plates of sheet fmetalof :about one millimeter 'lin thickness are successively introduced between -.C and b4 untilth'e journals h3 are Premoved from the centralshafttoasuficient distance to enable the -block 174 When reversed or turned'round send forfen'd'and re vplaced withoutthe .platesto're'tai-n 'the journal at Ithe same distance `from 'lthe central shaft. This vbeari-n-g'Z 4m:r-y now beturned round so as to bring'the endw' against vrC after which as fthe wearing-away of the ring or tire vand the bed 'continues the thin plates are again successivelyintroduced at the back of the block .between w and C. The fblock'htand the thin 'plates yare tightened up -ragainst KC'by ya screw Z912 workingfinfa strapfor coverblh The ore is ,-introdu'cedzin-to @the mill through-a number of hoppers Tand the crushed product is discharged throughsieves t arranged inpairs between'the hoppers. VThe stirring-and distribution ofthe oreas well vas the Adischarge ofthe mud or slime are facilitated vby theaction `of lagitators or shovels 2H 'of special form as represented Yin Figs. 1 and 2 of :the ydrawings =be`ing attached lto :a revolving roast iron cross frame :keyed `upon the central shaft A at 7c above the driver C. "The form of the IIO agitators I-Ifa's shown in the'draw'ingsissuch as to draw the mud and ore into the track of the runners at the same time producing owing to the speed a wave which in passing before the sieves facilitates the discharge of the finer part of the mud.

In order to obviate the inconvenience resulting from an accidental obstruction produced either by a stone or by a piece of metal accidentally falling onto the bed the fork shaped piece h carrying the agitator is connected to the driving arm h by a single bolt h2 being retained in position by a wood pin h3 which when abnormal resistance is met with gives way or is sheared off and allows the rake to turn back upon the bolt h2.

The mill runs at great speed or about iifty revolutions per minute. Light runners are employed but by utilizing the centrifugal force their action is rendered equivalent to that of runners of twice the weight in a vertical mill.

The arrangement being perfectly symmetrical the machine resists in itself the diiferent strains to which it is subjected. Owing to its speed it acquires an enormous momentum which enables it to overcome without additional power resistances such as might be caused by small heaps of ore collecting in front of the runners or by a tool or bolt falling accidentally onto the bed. For treating ores of gold it does not present the disadvantage of the vertical mills with short arms and consequently small diameter of track with a width of from nine to ten inches which act partly by torsion and partly bycrushing owing to the dierence between the diameters of the inner and outer parts of the track. This-crushing impedes the amalgamation by forging the gold. Attempts have been made to improve these mills by increasing the diameter of the track of the runners and at the same time reducing the width of their wearing surfaces. The symmetrical or regular arrangement of the discharge openings and hoppers also has some influence on the working of the apparatus which owing to the relative lightness of the runners is capable of attaining a very high tangential speed thereby increasing their useful eect at the same time as the distance traversed or extent of crushing surface.

I do not limit myself as to the details of construction hereinbefore described with reference to the drawings; but

1. In mills, the combination of a central vertical shaft and a thrust bearing or like means for resisting vertical movement of the shaft, with centrifugal inclined pivoted runners, and an inclined annular bed, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In mills, the combination of a central vertical shaft and means for resisting vertical movement of the shaft, with a driver adjustably secured to the said shaft, centrifugal inclined runners, bearings for the shafts of' the runners, adjustable boxes in the said driver and in which the said bearings are journaled and an inclined annular bed, all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. In mills, the combination of a central vertical shaft provided with a flat sided portion, and screw-threads at each side thereof and means for resisting vertical movement of the shaft, with a driver fitted upon the flatsided part of the shaft, nuts screwed upon the said threaded parts, centrifugal inclined runners pivoted in adjustable bearing boxes carried by the said driver, and an annular inclined bed, all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

4. In mills, the combination of a central vertical shaft, means for resisting a vertical movement of the shaft, and a driver adjustably secured to the shaft and provided with forked arms carrying adjustable boxes provided with eccentric holes, with inclined runners and bearings for the shafts of the said runners, the said bearings being provided with journals to be received by the eccentric holes in the said boxes all substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

5. In mills with centrifugal runners the combination of a central shaft, and a frame having projecting arms keyed on the shaft, with rakes attached to the extremity of the said arms by metal bolts, and retained in position by wooden `pins adapted to give way under abnormal resistance, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification inthe presence of two subscribing witnesses.

`GEORGES ANTOINE MARIE ARNAUD.

Witnesses:

G. MARCHAL FoIXT, LRINTR FAUvs.

IOO 

